religious policy of mughals

Advanced embedding details, examples, and help! Search for Library Items Search for Lists Search for Contacts Search for a Library. According to S.R. A century before John Locke’s “A Letter Concerning Toleration,” Akbar developed a policy of “Universal Peace” repudiating religious compulsion and embracing ecumenical debate. The religious policy of the Mughal emperors,. Smith explained the aim of his religious policy in his own words thus: “For an empire ruled by one head, it was a bad thing to have the members divided among themselves, at variance one with the other…We ought, therefore, to bring them all into one, but in such fashion that they should be one and with the great advantage of not losing what is good in any one religion, while gaining whatever is better in another. For the entire period specified, let’s examine the rights of the non-Muslim population in India and let’s access it on the bases of different factors. In the words of Dr. R.P. The Khyber Pass along the Kabul- Qandhar route was the natural defence for the India and their foreign policy revolved around securing these outpost as also balancing the rise of powerful empires in the region. Episode 14 leaves the West and heads to 16th and 17th Century India and the Mughal empire. Images of Hindu gods and goddesses were broken and used for the construction of mosques. Aurangzeb alienated the sympathy and support of the Hindus by committing all sorts of atrocities on them. ... professional, political, institutional, religious or other) that a reasonable reader would want to know about in relation to the submitted work. Religion Fine Arts Science and Technology . The emperor in the late 1600s reversed that policy and destroyed many Hindu temples. 8. This indicates a major change in the policy of tolerance but Aurangzeb was not the initiator of this policy. Content Guidelines 2. Privacy Policy3. The religious policy in Mughal India considered from different angles offers a very interesting study. He justified his declaration of faith by allowing the conversion of a Hindu temple at Sambai into a mosque as well as the destruction of a temple at Chanderi through Shaikh Zain, his Sadr and of another temple at Ayodhya through Mir Baqi.”. “What concern have we with the religion of anybody? Welcome to HistoryDiscussion.net! One of the focuses of this paper would be to weigh the Mughal Empire on the basis of the conditions present at that time around the world. He writes, “The Muslim pleaded that he could not be accused of killing an animal which is sanctioned by Islam”, ‘‘The Emperor who conquered these lands from heathens had given his word that he and his successors would let them live under their own laws and customs; he therefore allowed no breach of them.”. The concept was to preserve the religion of the King and this was not done in the Mughal Empire. His acts also were the reason that many Rajput principalities became a part of the Mughal Empire. Buy The Religious Policy Of The Mughal Emperors by Sri Ram Sharma (ISBN: 9788187036616) from Amazon's Book Store. There were several Rajputs who married their daughters into Mughal families in order to gain a high position. Manrique in his Account of Missions and Travels also informs us of a litigation about a peacock belonging to a Hindu by a Muslim. With glorious ideals it inspired the Hindus and Muslim alike, and they forgot for a time the trivialities of their creed. “ for you there is your religion, and for me mine (Inkum dinkunm wa idin), if the laws were followed, it would have been necessary to annihilate all the Rajputs”. Tags. The state of religious policy during Aurangzeb can be determined by the words of M. L. Roy Choudhury, “ The year 1669 A.D. is a memorable year in the history of iconoclasm in India. History of the Mughal Empire has always been weighed on scales by using modern eyes. Awangzeb, did not follow the Mughals’ policy and insulted Shivaji when he came to accept Mughal authority. Not a religious bigot, concentrated mostly on war on to fronts Pathans and rajputs . Aryan tribes invaded India some time around 1500 B.C.E. I have used religion as an element to measure the same because religion was a crucial factor in determining the lives of people for centuries. User-contributed reviews . He also took politically calculated moves in order to maintain his affinity towards his non-Muslim subjects as well. The extension of the empire was one of the main aims of the Deccan Policy of the Mughals. He established a separate department for the destruction of temples. The ideas of secularism, diversity, pluralism and tolerance, much preached by the West in our contemporary world, are the parameters they set for weighing different ages or rulers. The Mughal Empire, 1526–1761 The significance of Mughal rule. Question 5. Question 2. 186: Foreign Policy of the Mughals . 525: Glossary . During his long reign of 49 years, Aurangzeb had done much to extend the frontiers of the empire he had inherited from his father, Shah Jahan, but the extensive military campaigns he conducted, particularly in the Deccan, created a severe financial drain on his resources. (a) He discriminated against the Hindu traders when he abolished some duties for all Muslim traders. The main benefits enjoyed by a majority religion in a European nation in the medieval ages were security; freedom to profess their religion; employment in aristocratic institutions and benefits given by the Church. 6. The failure of Akbar’s diplomatic offensive postulated a more active intervention in the Deccan. WorldCat Home About WorldCat Help. According to one group, Mughals’ religious policy was very intolerance towards non-Muslims and their holy places, while the opposite group does not agree with it, and say that Mughlas adopted a liberal religious policy which was in favour of non-Muslims and their deities. Medieval Europe was fragmented on the lines of religion. Babur had to infuse a new spirit among his soldiers when he realised that they had to face stiff opposition from the brave Rajput’s. 231: The Maratha Bid for Supremacy . Now what we see here is the emperor desperately trying to consolidate his powers. Various kinds of temptations were offered to Hindus to embrace Islam. We infer that all, irrespective of their religions, were protected. Impact of Religious Policy of Aurangzeb on Mughal Empire. Religious Policy of the Mughals. In practice, many of the zawabit framed by Muslim rulers in India tended to dilute the impact of Islamic Shariat on the state. Disclaimer Copyright, History Discussion - Discuss Anything About History, North-Western Policy of the Mughal Emperors, Religious Policy of the Mughal Emperors | Indian History, The Religious Policy of Aurangzeb and its Effects, Akbar’s Religious Views and His Policy towards Hindus, Foreign Policy of the Mughals and their Relations with Central Asia, Forts in India: 5 Magnificent Ancient Forts in India, Mosques in India: 15 Ancient Mosques in India. Judicial Departments and he administered public charities. (i) Jahangir punished Hindus of Rajuri in the state of Kashmir because they used to marry Muslim girls. New York, Asia Pub. To the Muslim as to the Hindu, it heralded the dawn of a new era, to the Muslim with the birth of the promised Mahdi, to the Hindu with the realization of the all-absorbing love of God.” The Bhakti cult and the Sufis preached religious toleration. (iv) Jahangir closed Christian churches when he was at war with the Portuguese. Akbar is known for his liberal ideas and liberal religious policy. Question 3. His religious policy was responsible for turning the Rajputs, the Marathas and Sikhs into the enemies of Mughal empire. The disintegration of the Mughal Empire followed rapidly after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. (1) Religious Policy of Aurangzeb: The most important cause of the downfall of the Mughal Empire was the religious policy of Aurangzeb. The war captives were converted to Islam. His Deccan campaign also proved failure and drained wealth of the kingdom too. Culprits who accepted Islam were left free. Religious policy of the Mughul emperors, from Babur to Aurangzeb, has provided an ideal for the ruling class of India, viz., the ruling class of India should pursue a policy of religious toleration and equality. This unique quality of theirs enabled them to extend their influence over many kings and chieftains. … Babur and Humayun had no time to pursue a … The reason was that the early Mughals did not get ample time to display their worth on this issue as stated by M. L. Roy Choudhury during proceedings of the Indian History Congress in 1946, “Babur found in India temples, religious fairs, Jeziah, and the pilgrim-tax. It consolidated Islam in South Asia, and spread … Though staunch Sunnis personally, Babur and Humayun were tolerant. Th Religious Policy of Akbar was liberal. They were accompanied with revolts and fragmentation of the nobility. He tried to harmonize the relations. 212: India in the First Half of the Seventeenth Century . 131: Akbais Religious Views . Their religion is based off of certain elements such as their religious policy, the level of control each leader puts forth in effort to better his country, and different aspects of each of the religion. The state of religious policy during Aurangzeb can be determined by the words of M. L. Roy Choudhury, “The year 1669 A.D. is a memorable year in the history of iconoclasm in India. But beginning in 1658, Shah Jahan’s son Aurangzeb really began to persecute anyone who wasn’t a Muslim, just the way people did further west. Restrictions were imposed on the celebration of Hindu festivals and fairs. The Mughals brought Turko-Iranian culture into India and the Indian traditions were blended Turko-Iranian culture. A close look at the central administration of the Mughals shows that the advisory councils were not restricted to the ministers, and high ranking nobles irrespective of their race and religion were instrumental in making and implementing them. While the Safavids were Shia by faith, Ottomans along with Uzbegs were Sunni as well as the Mughals. Answer: It was the policy of the Mughal rulers to campaign constantly against rulers who were not ready to accept their authority. 3. The Mughal Deccan policy started from Akbar’s period as Babur and Humayun were only concerned with the consolidation of North India which was a logical step.Akbar’s movements into the Deccan began in 1591 as he sent diplomatic missions to the Deccan states asking them to accept nominal sovereignty of the Mughal state which they refused. The Mughal rulers were successful in reigning over a long period of time over the vast area of the subcontinent because of their administrative and religious policy, which pro The main policy shift or even presence of a religious policy starts with the reign of Akbar, flows into the reign of Jahangir and Shah Jahan and severely modifies up in the reign of Aurangzeb. This all resulted in decline of the Mughals. He founded a new religion known as ‘Din-i-Ilahi’ based on the common points of all religions. Consequences of the religious policy of Aurangzeb: In the words of Pringle Kennedy, “What Akbar had gained…he (Aurangzeb) lost.” Dr. Surjit ManSingh in Historical Dictionary of India’ (1998) has observed, “Some modern historians ascribe to Aurangzeb the intention of ruling India as an Islamic country and depict the Maratha rebellion by Shivaji as an early stage of Hindu nationalism. ... Akbar commissioned the illustrations of several literary and religious texts. Christians were allowed to enjoy celebrations of the Michaelmas, Christmas, and Easter festivals and sometimes payments were made for these celebrations.”. (2) Babur again fought a ‘holy war’ against Medini Rai of Chanderi. Add tags for "The religious policy of the Mughal emperors.". But his reign did not mark any perceptible departure from the traditional line either for better or for worse, so far as religion was concerned. Akbar: The Indian leader Akbar ruled for fifty years. The Aryan invaders conquered India and created what is referred to as Classical Indian culture; putting and end to the Golden Age of the Mughal Empire. He did not realize the importance of religious tolerance and the support and unity of the people for the progress of empire. Thus what we can conclude is that Mughal religious policy in itself was based so as to protect the position of the Emperor. The Mughal Empire was a strong supporter when it … The reign of Shah Jahan was influenced a lot by Dara Shikoh, who is said to personally present a stone railing to the temple of Keshav Rai at Muttra. 2. Now, these developments show us the practical nature of Akbar and his concern for the non-Muslim population. Sinha: “The sixteenth century is a century of religious revival in the history of the world. That is why we see, “Jahangir demolished temples at Mewar, Ajmer and Kangra, and churches were closed at Agra. Regarding fairs, and festivals, the ideas of Akbar were cosmopolitan. The following instances indicate that Babur was not liberal in his religious outlook: (1) He declared the battle against Rana Sanga of Mewar as Jihad’ and assumed the title of Ghazi after his victory at Khanwa in 1527. He established a separate department for securing conversion to Islam. were destroyed during his period. To compare the Mughal policy with their contemporary European counterparts we must shed some light on the conditions of Medieval Europe. But, policy was… dc.title: The Religious Policy Of The Mughal Emperors dc.type: ptiff dc.type: pdf. EMBED (for wordpress.com hosted blogs and archive.org item tags) Want more? The powerful Uzbegs who held sway over central India sought an alliance of Sunni powers to defeat the Shia ruled Persia, but Mughals were too broadminded to be driven away by … Humayun was essentially a mystic and there is no instance of destruction of temple or interference with the worship of the Dhimmis under his rule. Political Development Mughals; Nur Jahan; Shah Jahan’s Rebel; Mughals’ Foreign Policy; Mansabdari System; Social Life under the Mughals; Nobles & Zamindars; Trade & Commerce; Mughals’ Cultural Developments; Language, Literature & Music; Religious Ideas & Beliefs; Problems of Succession; Aurangzeb’s Reign & Religious Policy; North-East India

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